Apparatus for separating from a gas or liquid medium solid or liquid particles



D. DALIN 7 2,386,196 APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FROM A GAS OR LIQUIDMEDIUM SOLID 0R LIQUID PARTICLES Filed Sept. 18, 1942' Patented Oct. 9,1945 APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FROM AGAS R, LIQUID MEDIUM SOLID OR LIQUIDPARTICLES David Dalln, Kristiansborg, Sweden Application September 18,1942, Serial No. 458,906

- In Sweden February 21, 1941 3 Claims. (Cl. 183 -37) This inventionrelates to separators of the type designed for the separation of solidand/or liquid particles from a fluid.

One ofthe objects of this invention is to provide a separator suitablefor the extraction of separator constructed in accordance with thisinvention, said view being taken on the plane of j the line I -l inFigure 2;

solid or liquid particles from gases and other fluids, which is simplein construction and design and capable of being produced at acomparatively low cost.

, The separator of this invention may be classified as a centrifugalseparator in that the burdened-fluid is caused to flow in a circular orspira path so that the entrained particles leave the fluid stream inresponse to centrifugal action. A

generally circular or spiral shaped diffuser hous-' ing provides themeans for guiding the fluid flow as desired, the burdened fluid enteringthe diffuser housing through a tangential inlet and the unburdened fluidleaving the housing through anaxial outlet in a side wall thereof. Theseparated particles leave the diffuser housing through a discharge portin the curved peripheral wall of the housing.

With a view toward improving the operation of separators of this type,this invention has as trated forms a spiral.

another of its objects the provision of a novel baflle arrangementwithin the diffuser housing and substantially on the axis thereof, bywhich more efiicient and complete separation of the particles form thefluid is accomplished,

A further object of this invention is to-provide a separator of thecharacter described which lends itself readily to dual application,thatis, two or more difluser housings arranged side by side and soconnected that a fan operating in one or more of the diffuser housingseffects a flow of burdened carrier fluid through all of the diffuserhousings with the separation of the particles from the fluid takingplace in the first of the series of difiuser housings.

With the above and other objects in view, which will appear as thedescription proceeds,

Figure 2' is a longitudinal sectional view taken through Figure 1 on theplane of the line 2-2;

and Figure 3 is a detail sectional view similar to Figure 1 butillustrating a slightly modified embodiment of this invention.

Referring now to the accompanying drawing, the numeral 5 designatesgenerally a diffuser housing which is preferably of spiral formation asshown, but it may be circular. This housing has flat side walls 6connected by a curved peripheral wall I which in the construction illus-At its point of largest diameter the diffuser housing has a tangentialinlet opening 8. The top of the inlet is defined by a tangentialcontinuation 9 of the peripheral wall I, while the bottom thereof isformed by a separate wall section II] which joins with the periphe eralwall at its smallest diameter as at ll. Attention is directed to thefact that the inlet port extends across the full width of the diffuserhousing, hence extensions of the side walls 6 de-' fine the sides of theinlet;

Suitable duct means (not shown) connects the mouth of the inlet portwith the source of particle laden fluid to convey the burdened fluid tov the diffuser housing.

Two outlet ports l2 and I3 lead from the diffuser housing, the formerproviding a means of egress for the unburdened fluid and the latterproviding a discharge port for the particles.

' Thus the port I3 is located in the peripheral wall 1, preferably atits lowermost portion so that the particles discharging therefrom mayfall directly into a collecting hopper Hi. This collecting hopper has anopening IS in one side wall thereof through which the accumulatedparticles may be removed this invention resides in the novelconstruction, V

combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafterdescribed and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it beingunderstood that such changes in the precise embodiment of thehereindisclosed invention may be made as comewithin the scope of theclaims.

,The accompanying drawing illustrates two complete examples of thephysical embodiment The specific location of the discharge port I3 maybe varied, and through selection of its speciflc location, differentcharacteristics of the fluid and particles carried thereby may be mostadvantageously met. This follows from the fact of the inventionconstructed according to the best mode so far devised for the practicalapplication of the principles thereof and in which:

Figure l is a cross sectional view through a that as the location of thedischarge port I3 is moved farther from the inlet port 8, the velocity01' the particles decreases.

It should also be appreciated that by having a series of discharge portsl3 arranged along the path of the fluid and progressively farther from Vthe inlet port 8, with each port discharging into a separate collectinghopper Ia classification of the separated particles can .be' effected asthe heavier particles would naturally be the first to be expelled, withthe lighter particles leaving the housing atlthe farther removeddischarge port or ports.

Such mu1ti 1e arrangement of discharge ports for classification purposesis illustrated in Figure 3 wherein a second discharge port l3 and asecond collecting hopper H are provided.

The outlet port 52 through which the unburdened air leaves the diffuserhousing, being in one of the side walls 6, is substantially at rightangles to the inlet port 8. Thus the fluid must make an abrupt change indirection to pass out through the port 82, which, of course, greatlyfacilitates the separation of the particles carried thereby.

Any suitable means may be employed to cause the burdened fluid to flowthrough the difluser housing, as by having either-its inlet or outletconnected to a fan or other fluid moving means. In the present instancea fan I6 is provided which is located in a housing IT similar to thehousing and arranged in juxtaposition thereto with the side walls 5 inwhich the outlet port I2 is located common to both housings. Thus theoutlet l2 provides an inlet port for the housing I I, and inasmuch as.the two housings are coaxial the port l2 discharges the unburdened fluidinto the center of the housing fan l'l.

Like the housing 5, the housing I1 is substantially spiral shaped withits outer curved peripheral wall it continuing tangentially as at it toprovide the top of a discharge port 20, the bottom of which isformed bya wall 2| joined to the carved peripheral wall l8 at its smallest diamer.

While the construction thus far described'will operate satisfactorily toremove relatively heavy particles, the eiflciency of the separator toremove lighter particles is materially enhanced by the provision of .anovel baiiie arrangement inside the difluser housing 5. This baiiiearrangement comprises a truncated conical bailie 22 encircling theoutlet port l2. This baiile may bean integral part of the adjacent sidewall 6 or it may be a rier fluids. It will also be apparent that theinvention provides a separator of simple and inexpensive construction,and that by virtue of the novel baflle'arrang'ement employed, increasedefflciency in the separation of flne particles is obtained.

What I claim as my invention is:

l. A centrifugal separator for unburdening a carrier fluid of particlessuspended therein comprising: a difiuser housing of substantiallycircular formation having substantially flat side walls connected by asubstantially circular peripheral wall; means defining a tangentialinlet into the diffuser housing; an outlet port in said peripheral wallremote from the inlet through which particles separated from the carrierfluid are expelled one of the side walls having an outlet opening' forthe unburdened carrier fluid disposed substantially on the axis of thehousing;

, means for inducing a flow of the carrier fluid through the housing; aninwardly protruding truncated conical baiile encircling the periphery ofthe outlet opening with the largest diameter thereof adjacent to theside wall in which the outlet is located and its smallest diameterdefining the edge of the outlet opening to deflect particles insuspension in the carrier fluid away from said outlet opening; and aninward conical protrusion on the opposite side wall substantiallycoaxial with the outlet opening with the largest diameter of the conicalprotrusion adjacent to said opposite side wall and its apex extending asubstantial distance in toward the mouth of the outlet opening wherebysaid bafile and said inward conical protrusion cooperate to deflect anyparticles still suspended in the carrier fluid outwardly toward theperipheral wall.

separate piece secured thereto. In any event its largest diameter joinswith the adjacent side wall '6 and its smallest diameter defines themouth of the discharge port I! and has another inner and oppositelydirected truncated conical wall 23 joined thereto. The free edge of thislatter wall 23 defines the terminus of the discharge port I? and, aswill be readily apparent, is so positioned as to direct the fluidflowing through the port I2 toward the center of the fan l6. a

The bafile wall 22, being directed toward the interior of the difiuserhousing, deflects particles in the carrier fluid that may be movingtoward the outlet port l2 and throws them out toward the peripheral wallI. In this function the baflle wall 22 is aided by an inwardly directedaxially disposed conical protrusion 24 on the opposite 2. A centrifugalseparator for unburdening a carrier fluid of particles suspended thereincomprising: two substantially spiral housings disposed side by side witha common side wall there- 'between and with their spirals coaxial;.saidcommon side wall having an opening substantially coaxial with thespirals; each of said housings having a tangential port, the ports ofthe two housings facing in opposite directions and the port of oneconstituting an inlet for the burdened carrier fluid while the port ofthe other constiside wall 8. Like the truncated conical baflie 22,. theprotrusionM may be formed as an integral part of the adjacent side wall6 to which it is attached, or it may be a separate unit secured thereto.

adjacent to the common side walls and its smallest diameter defining theedge of the outlet in the common side wall; and a conical protrusionextending into the same said-other housing substantially on the axis ofthe spirals with the apex thereof pointing toward the outlet in thecommon side walls; said two protrusions cooperating to deflect particlessuspended in said fluid carrier outwardly toward the peripheral'wall ofthe From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing, it will be readily apparent to those; skilled inthe art that while the specific constructionv illustrated is adapted forthe separation and extraction of solid or liquid particles from agaseous carrier fluid, the invention is readily susceptible for use inthe extraction of solid particles from liquid carhousing into which theprotrusions extend; and an outletport in said outer spiral wall throughwhich such particles are expelled.

3. A centrifugal separator for unburdening a carrier fluid ofparticlessuspended therein comprising: a diffuser housing havingsubstantially flat side walls connected by a substantially circularperipheral wall: means defining a tangential inlet into the diffuserhousing; a plurality oi outlet ports in said peripheral wall spaceddii'- ierent distances from the inlet through which oeive the particlesexpelled therethrough; one of the side walls of the difl'user housinghaving an outlet opening for the unburdened carrier fluid disposedsubstantially on the axis of the housing:

thereof adjacent to the time wall in which the outlet is located andits, smallest diameter deflning the edge of theoutlet opening; and aninward conical protrusion on the opposite side wall substantiallycoaxial with the outlet opening i with the largest diameter of theconical protrusion adjacent to said opposite side wall and its means forinducing-a flow of the carrier fluid through the housing; an inwardlyprotruding truncated conical baille encircling the periphery oi theoutlet opening with the largest diameter outlet ports are located.

apex extending a substantial distance in toward the mouth of theoutletopening whereby said baille and said conical protrusion cooperateto deflect particles suspended in the carrier fluid 'outwardly towardsaid peripheral wall in which the DAVID DALIN.

